Bài tập CMA Part 1 Section D (1D): Cost Management

Bài tập CMA Part 1 Section D (1D): Cost Management (Quản lý chi phí) là phần bài tập quan trọng trong Part 1 của chứng chỉ CMA, chiếm 15% trọng số kiến thức của Part 1. Đây là một học phần được đánh giá là cốt lõi và thực tiễn nhất, tập trung vào việc phân tích chi phí, lập kế hoạch và kiểm soát chi phí hiệu quả, giúp nhà quản trị đưa ra quyết định tài chính tối ưu trong môi trường kinh doanh cạnh tranh. Dưới đây TACA tổng hợp cho bạn đọc các bài tập của môn học này, tìm hiểu ngay nhé!

Nội dung chính của Part 1 Section D

Section D chiếm tỷ trọng 15% trong tổng bài thi của CMA Part 1. Các nội dung chính của môn học như sau:

1. Measurement Concepts

a. Types of cost and cost behavior
b. Actual and normal costs 
c. Standard costs
d. Absorption (full) costing
e. Variable (direct) costing
f. Joint and by-product costing

2. Costing Systems

a. Job order costing
b. Activity-based costing
c. Life-cycle costing
d. Other costing systems

3. Overhead Costs

a. Fixed and variable overhead expenses
b. Corporate vs. departmental overhead
c. Determination of allocation base
d. Allocation of service department costs

4. Supply Chain Management

a. Lean resource management techniques
b. Enterprise resource planning (ERP) 
c. Capacity management and analysis

5. Business Process Improvement

a. Value chain analysis 
b. Value-added concepts 
c. Process analysis, redesign, and standardization
d. Continuous improvement concepts 
e. Benchmarking and best practice analysis
f. Cost of quality analysis

Xem thêm: CMA Part 1 Section D (1D): Cost Management (Quản lý chi phí)

Bài tập CMA Part 1 Section D trắc nghiệm

1. Manchester Airlines is in the process of preparing a contribution margin income statement that will allow a detailed look at its variable costs and profitability of Which one of the following cost combinations should be used to evaluate the variable cost per flight of the company’s Boston – Las Vegas flights?

1. Flight crew salary, fuel, and engine maintenance.
2. Fuel, food service, and airport landing fees.
3. Airplane depreciation, baggage handling, and airline marketing.
4. Communication system operation, food service, and ramp personnel.

2. Which one of the following items would not be considered a manufacturing cost?

1. Cream for an ice cream maker.
2. Sales commissions for a car manufacturer.
3. Plant property taxes for an ice cream maker.
4. Tires for an automobile manufacturer.

3. Taylor Corporation is determining the cost behavior of several items in order to budget for the upcoming year. Past trends have indicated the following dollars were spent at three different levels of output.

In establishing a budget for 14,000 units, Taylor should treat Costs A, B, and C, respectively, as

1. semi-variable, fixed, and variable.
2. variable, fixed, and variable.
3. semi-variable, semi-variable, and semi-variable.
4. variable, semi-variable, and semi-variable.

4. Which one of the following refers to a cost that remains the same as the volume of activity decreases within the relevant range?

1. Average cost per unit.
2. Variable cost per unit.
3. Unit fixed cost.
4. Total variable cost.

5. Roberta Johnson is the manager of SleepWell Inn, one of a chain of motels located throughout the United States. An example of an operating cost at SleepWell that is semivariable is

1. the security guard’s salary.
2. electricity.
3. postage for reservation confirmations.
4. local yellow pages advertising.

6. The marketing manager of Ames Company has learned the following about a new product that is being introduced by Ames. Sales of this product are planned at $100,000 for the first year. Sales commission expense is budgeted at 8% of sales plus the marketing manager’s incentive budgeted at an additional ½%. The preparation of a product brochure will require 20 hours of marketing salaried staff time at an average rate of $100 per hour, and 10 hours, at $150 per hour, for an outside illustrator’s effort. The variable marketing cost for this new product will be

1. $8,000.
2. $8,500.
3. $10,000.
4. $10,500.

7. Indirect and common costs often make up a significant portion of the cost of a All of the following are reasons for indirect cost allocation to cost objects except to

1. reduce total costs identified with products.
2. measure income and assets for external reporting purposes.
3. justify costs for reimbursement purposes.
4. provide information for economic decision making.

8. The relevant range refers to the activity levels over which

1. cost relationships hold constant.
2. costs fluctuate.
3. production varies.
4. relevant costs are incurred.

9. Cell Company has discovered that the cost of processing customer invoices is strictly variable within the relevant range. Which one of the following statements concerning the cost of processing customer invoices is incorrect?

1. The total cost of processing customer invoices will increase as the volume of customer invoices increases.
2. The cost per unit for processing customer invoices will decline as the volume of customer invoices increases.
3. The cost of processing the 100th customer invoice will be the same as the cost of processing the first customer invoice.
4. The average cost per unit for processing a customer invoice will equal the incremental cost of processing one more customer invoice.

10. When identifying fixed and variable costs, which one of the following is a typical assumption concerning cost behavior?

1. General and administrative costs are assumed to be variable costs.
2. Cost behavior is assumed to be realistic for all levels of activity from zero to maximum capacity.
3. Total costs are assumed to be linear when plotted on a graph.
4. The relevant time period is assumed to be five years.

Bài tập CMA Part 1 Section D tự luận

The Board of Directors of a Large Corporation recently learned that some members of the senior management team had circumvented the company’s internal controls for personal gain. The Board appointed a special task force of external auditors and outside legal counsel to investigate the situation.

After extensive review, the task force has concluded that for a period of several years the expenses of the company’s chief executive officer, president, and vice president-public relations were charged to an account called the Limited Expenditure Account (LEA). The account was established five years ago and was not subject to the company’s normal approval authorization process. Approximately $2,000,000 of requests for reimbursement were routinely processed and charged to LEA. Accounting personnel were advised by the controller to process such requests based on the individual approval of any of the three executives, even when the requests were not adequately documented.

The vice president-public relations and his department were in charge of political fundraising activities. The task force determined, however, that only a small portion of the $1,000,000 raised last year was actually used for political purposes. In addition, departmental resources were used for personal projects of the three identified executives. The task force also uncovered an additional $4,000,000 of expenditures that were poorly documented so that even the amounts for proper business purposes could not be identified.

The task force noted that these payment practices, as well as LEA, were never disclosed in the Internal Audit Department’s audit reports even though company disbursements were tested annually. References to these practices and LEA were included on two occasions in recent year’s work papers. The director of internal audit, who reports to the controller, advised that she reviewed these findings with the controller who, in turn, advised that he mentioned these findings to the president. The president recommended that they not be included in the internal audit reports. Furthermore, the external auditors, who reviewed the internal audit work papers, did not mention LEA or these payment practices in their recommendations for improved internal control procedures to management or in their external audit reports. The task force also noted that the company did not have a formal, published ethics policy.

Questions

A. Identify at least three internal control weaknesses in the company’s internal control system.
B. Identify at least three illegal or improper practices uncovered at the company.
C. Identify at least four important steps the company should take, both procedurally and organizationally, to correct the problems that were uncovered in order to prevent a similar situation in the future.

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